César Vallejo: Monumento vivo de la poesía

11 Mayo 2009
César Vallejo es una de las cumbres de la lírica en lengua española del siglo veinte. Su poesía, de una calidez humana extraordinaria, canta al dolor del hombre pobre y a su pueblo. Por Jose Martínez Fernández
José Martínez F... >
authenticated user Corresponsal
Perú tiene muchas riquezas: oro, plata, cobre e incontables otras. Sin embargo parece una patria pobre: Es decir la riqueza no alcanza a los grandes grupos sociales. Un compositor, Luis Abanto Morales, escribió una encendida canción sobre la realidad del habitante humilde de ese país: CHOLO SOY. Bello texto que enmarca la verdad de un pueblo que ha sufrido la explotación en forma continua y violenta, como la mayor parte de nuestros pueblos. Es más que un lamento: Es la ira convertida en denuncia.
Antes de César Vallejo, ya ese país había sido exprimido por los capitalistas extranjeros y peruanos, después que los españoles se llevaran tanta riqueza mineral.
La explotación de que hablamos ha sido denunciada por múltiples artistas peruanos, entre ellos –y en forma magistral- por el novelista Manuel Scorza, hace pocas décadas, en “Redoble por Rancas”.
Pero lo bueno –y esto es producto quizás de la Academia y de la inteligencia internacional- César Vallejo ha sido reconocido como uno de los poetas en lengua hispana más importantes del siglo veinte.
Sus obras fundamentales: TRILCE, LOS HERALDOS NEGROS, son verdaderas fuentes de inspiración para los poetas posteriores.
Es Vallejo un maestro. Su patria, en ese sentido, no es sólo Perú. Es hijo de todo el mundo que ama la gran poesía.
El siguiente poema es uno de los mayores del gran aeda andino:
LOS DADOS ETERNOS
(Para Manuel González-Prada, esta emoción bravía y selecta, una de las que, con más entusiasmo, me ha aplaudido el gran maestro)
Dios mío, estoy llorando el ser que vivo;
me pesa haber tomádote tu pan;
pero este pobre barro pensativo
no es costra fermentada en tu costado:
tú no tienes Marías que se van!
Dios mío, si tú hubieras sido hombre
hoy supieras ser Dios,
pero tú, que estuviste siempre bien,
no sientes nada de tu creación.
Y el hombre sí te sufre: el Dios es él.
Hoy que en mis ojos brujos hay candelas,
como en un condenado,
Dios mío, prenderás todas tus velas,
y jugaremos con el viejo dado...
Tal vez ¡oh jugador! al dar la suerte
del universo todo,
surgirán las ojeras de la Muerte,
como dos ases fúnebres de lodo.
Dios mío, y esta noche sorda, oscura,
ya no podrás jugar, porque la tierra
es un dado roído y ya redondo
a fuerza de rodar a la aventura,
que no puede parar sino en un hueco,
en el hueco de inmensa sepultura.
Vallejo dirige su creación a la queja existencial: “Si tú hubieras sido hombre/ hoy supieras ser Dios”. Testimonio vivo de su angustia y la de su pueblo. Todo el poema éste es de una belleza incalculable, como la mayor parte de la poesía vallejiana.
¡Qué hermoso es que hoy, a pesar de los fundamentos sociales aún no solucionados en la patria de Tupac Amaru y Atahualpa, César Vallejo sea aclamado por unos y otros, sin distingos sociales, ni políticos, ni religiosos!

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